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Angiography (Flow-Based) Family

Learn about the Angiography (Flow-Based) Family, sequences that exploit inflow-related signal enhancement.

Time of Flight (2D TOF)

  • Design: Spoiled GRE exploiting inflow enhancement.
  • Key characteristics: Bright-blood imaging without contrast.
  • Clinical applications: Neck MRA.
  • Vendors: All vendors 2D TOF.

Three dimensional Time of Flight (3D TOF)

  • Design: Slab-selective TOF with optional saturation control.
  • Key characteristics: High-resolution vascular imaging.
  • Clinical applications: Head MRA.
  • Vendors: All vendors 3D TOF.